OVID-19 Cases and Deaths: Age, Sex, Existing Conditions
/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_image/image/49720547/Screen_20Shot_202016-05-27_20at_207.04.26_20PM.0.png)
The Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission published on Feb. 28 by WHO, [2] which is based on 55,924 laboratory confirmed cases. The report notes that "The Joint Mission acknowledges the known challenges and biases of reporting crude CFR early in an epidemic" (see also our discussion on: How to calculate the mortality rate during an outbreak)
A paper by the Chinese CCDC released on Feb. 17, which is based on 72,314 confirmed, suspected, and asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 in China as of Feb. 11, and was published in the Chinese Journal of Epidemiology [1]
We will list data from both, labeling them as "confirmed cases" and "all cases" respectively in the tables.
Age of Coronavirus Deaths
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by AGE:
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on the age group. The percentages shown below do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by age group. Rather, it represents, for a person in a given age group, the risk of dying if infected with COVID-19.
AGE
| DEATH RATE confirmed cases | DEATH RATE all cases |
80+ years old
|
21.9%
|
14.8%
|
70-79 years old
|
8.0%
| |
60-69 years old
|
3.6%
| |
50-59 years old
|
1.3%
| |
40-49 years old
|
0.4%
| |
30-39 years old
|
0.2%
| |
20-29 years old
|
0.2%
| |
10-19 years old
|
0.2%
| |
| 0-9 years old |
no fatalities
|
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by age group.
In general, relatively few cases are seen among children.
Sex Ratio
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by SEX:
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on sex. When reading these numbers, it must be taken into account that smoking in China is much more prevalent among males. Smoking increases the risks of respiratory complications.
SEX
| DEATH RATE confirmed cases | DEATH RATE all cases |
Male
|
4.7%
|
2.8%
|
Female
|
2.8%
|
1.7%
|
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by sex.
Pre-existing medical conditions (comorbidities)Patients who reported no pre-existing ("comorbid") medical conditions had a case fatality rate of 0.9%. Pre-existing illnesses that put patients at higher risk of dying from a COVID-19 infection are:
COVID-19 Fatality Rate by COMORBIDITY:*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). This probability differs depending on pre-existing condition. The percentage shown below does NOT represent in any way the share of deaths by pre-existing condition. Rather, it represents, for a patient with a given pre-existing condition, the risk of dying if infected by COVID-19.
PRE-EXISTING CONDITION
| DEATH RATE confirmed cases | DEATH RATE all cases |
Cardiovascular disease
|
13.2%
|
10.5%
|
Diabetes
|
9.2%
|
7.3%
|
Chronic respiratory disease
|
8.0%
|
6.3%
|
Hypertension
|
8.4%
|
6.0%
|
Cancer
|
7.6%
|
5.6%
|
no pre-existing conditions
|
0.9%
|
*Death Rate = (number of deaths / number of cases) = probability of dying if infected by the virus (%). The percentages do not have to add up to 100%, as they do NOT represent share of deaths by condition.Sources
- The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) - China CCDC, February 17 2020
- Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Pdf] - World Health Organization, Feb. 28, 2020